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Titanium Dioxide

Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium(IV) oxide or titania /tˈtniə/, is the inorganic compound derived from titanium with the chemical formula TiO
2
. When used as a pigment, it is called titanium whitePigment White 6 (PW6), or CI 77891. It is a white solid that is insoluble in water, although mineral forms can appear black. As a pigment, it has a wide range of applications, including paintsunscreen, and food coloring. When used as a food coloring, it has E number E171. World production in 2014 exceeded 9 million tonnes. It has been estimated that titanium dioxide is used in two-thirds of all pigments, and pigments based on the oxide have been valued at a price of $13.2 billion.

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Titanium dioxide
Titanium(IV) oxide
Unit cell of titanium dioxide (rutile form)
  Titanium   Oxygen
The unit cell of rutile
Names
IUPAC names

Titanium dioxide
Titanium(IV) oxide
Other names

Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.033.327 Edit this at Wikidata
E number E171 (colours)
KEGG
PubChem CID
RTECS number
  • XR2775000
UNII

Properties
TiO
2
Molar mass 79.866 g/mol
Appearance White solid
Odor Odorless
Density
  • 4.23 g/cm3 (rutile)
  • 3.78 g/cm3 (anatase)
Melting point 1,843 °C (3,349 °F; 2,116 K)
Boiling point 2,972 °C (5,382 °F; 3,245 K)
Insoluble
Band gap 3.21 eV (anatase)[1]3.15 eV (rutile)[1]
+5.9·10−6 cm3/mol
  • 2.488 (anatase)
  • 2.583 (brookite)
  • 2.609 (rutile)
Thermochemistry
50 J·mol−1·K−1[2]
−945 kJ·mol−1[2]
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamond

Health 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentine Flammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. water Instability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogen Special hazards (white): no code
Flash point not flammable
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
TWA 15 mg/m3[3]
REL (Recommended)
Ca[3]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
Ca [5000 mg/m3][3]
Safety data sheet (SDS) ICSC 0338
Related compounds
Other cations
Zirconium dioxide
Hafnium dioxide
Related Titanium oxides
Titanium(II) oxide
Titanium(III) oxide
Titanium(III,IV) oxide
Related compounds
Titanic acid

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